The quake hit at 12:22 pm (0322 GMT), 644 kilometres (400 miles) south of Tokyo, at a depth of 424 kilometres, the USGS said.
Japan’s Meteorological Agency said there was no risk of a tsunami.
Tokyo and its suburban Kanto region were rocked by minor tremors but there were no immediate reports of injuries or damage, the agency said.
“We have received no reports of damage to properties nor reports of injuries so far,” a spokesman for the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department said.
The area is prone to earthquakes.
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