EXPLAINER: How to keep your solar panels safe from fire

Solar power can be a smart alternative energy source, especially in the Philippines, where sunlight is abundant. But poorly maintained or neglected solar installations can pose serious fire risks.

READ: Going solar: The limitless power of the sun

In 2017, a house in Oslob, Cebu, was razed by fire after a solar panel exploded midafternoon.

In another case, solar panels installed on a mall roof in Cebu City caught fire, with officials saying the damage was estimated at P80,000.

While such incidents are rare, Sun Bright Technologies said: “As with any electrical system, it’s essential to be aware of potential fire risks associated with solar photovoltaic (PV) installations.”

Fire hazards

When solar panel fires occur, they are usually caused by electrical faults, poor installation, and environmental factors.

• Defective wiring

Sun Bright Technologies said improperly installed or damaged wiring can trigger overheating and eventually fire.

It said prolonged exposure to intense heat, moisture, and heavy rains can accelerate the deterioration of cables and connectors, increasing the likelihood of electrical faults if systems are not regularly inspected and maintained.

• Substandard components

Low-quality solar panels, inverters, and accessories often fail to meet safety standards, compromising the durability and reliability of entire systems.

While cheaper alternatives may reduce costs, they can heighten the risk of malfunction and fire incidents over time.

• Poor installation

Sun Bright Technologies said hiring unqualified installers can result in an inadequate system.

It said installation by inexperienced workers can lead to improperly secured panels, loose connections and inadequate system design, which can reduce efficiency and create dangerous conditions.

• Environmental factors

The buildup of debris, such as leaves or bird nests, can block airflow around solar panels, causing systems to overheat.

Combined with consistently high temperatures, these obstructions can place additional stress on electrical components.

Fire prevention

Sun Bright Technologies said preventing solar panel fires begins with proper system design, high-quality components, and professional installation.

• Hire certified installers

Professionals who follow industry best practices and comply with local regulations are more likely to ensure systems are set up safely and properly.

• Use high-quality components

Certified solar panels, inverters, and electrical parts are designed to meet safety standards and withstand harsh environmental conditions.

• Conduct regular maintenance

Periodic inspections can detect and address potential issues, such as loose connections or damaged wiring. Cleaning the panels to remove dirt and debris is also critical in preventing fire.

• Install monitoring systems

Monitoring systems that provide real-time performance data can detect irregularities, such as sudden drops in output or temperature changes, allowing for immediate action to prevent possible hazards.

Solar potential

Sun Bright Technologies said when systems are properly designed, installed, and maintained using high-quality components, solar technology is efficient, safe, and reliable.

READ: Significant increase in renewable energy investments seen

A 2012 policy brief by development NGO Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) said the Philippines can take advantage of its abundant sunlight, citing data from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

It said the country has 161.7 watts (W) per square meter of average solar radiation, translating to a potential power-generating capacity of 4.5 to 5.5 kilowatt-hour (kWh) per square meter each day.

GIZ said the Northern Philippines has enough sunlight to generate an average of 4.5 to 5 kWh per square meter daily, while areas in the south can produce an average of 5 to 5.5 kWh.

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The NGO said harnessing the power of the sun is nothing new, noting that from the introduction of solar-powered calculators in the late 1970s, “the world never stopped searching for ways to use the sun to generate power for vehicles, homes, and industries.”

“This is because solar power is free and clean — no drilling and exploration costs, no spills that can harm the environment, no greenhouse gas emissions,” it said in its policy brief titled “It’s More Sun in the Philippines.”

The sun’s energy is likewise “inexhaustible,” it said.

As GIZ said, “harnessing solar power is one way to decrease dependence on the increasing and volatile prices of fossil fuels,” adding that solar power can create an energy-secure Philippines.

The Department of Energy has said the government aims to increase the share of renewable energy in the power generation mix to 35% by 2030 and 50% by 2040. /dm /atm