PEOPLE’S VICTORY Supporters celebrate as they travel with Burma opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi (inset) who calls her apparent win in parliamentary election a “victory of the people.” AFP
RANGOON—Aung San Suu Kyi on Monday claimed a landslide victory for her opposition party in a historic by-election in Burma (Myanmar), saying she hoped it would mark the beginning of a new era for her long-repressed country.
Suu Kyi spoke to thousands of cheering supporters who gathered outside the headquarters of her National League for Democracy (NLD) a day after the opposition party declared she had won a parliamentary seat in the closely watched vote.
Unofficial counts continued to trickle in Monday from poll watchers within Suu Kyi’s party, and NLD spokesperson Han Than said the opposition had won at least 43 of the 44 parliament seats it had contested.
Those included all four seats up for grabs in the capital, Naypyitaw, which is populated by civil servants—an embarrassing sign of defeat for the military regime.
The Election Commission has not yet confirmed the results, but government officials have commented on Suu Kyi’s victory and the people of Burma have reacted with jubilation.
‘Success of people’
“The success we are having is the success of the people,” Suu Kyi said as a sea of supporters chanted her name and thrust their hands into the air to flash the “V” sign.
“It is not so much our triumph as a triumph of the people who have decided that they have to be involved in the political process in this country,” she said. “We hope this will be the beginning of a new era.”
If confirmed, Suu Kyi would take public office for the first time and lead a small bloc of NLD lawmakers in the military-dominated Parliament.
The victory would mark a major milestone in the Southeast Asian nation, which was emerging from a ruthless era of military rule, and also an astonishing reversal of fortune for a woman who became one of the world’s most prominent prisoners of conscience.
Possibility
Nay Zin Latt, an adviser to President Thein Sein, told The Associated Press he was “not really surprised that the NLD had won a majority of seats” in the by-elections.
Asked if Suu might be given a Cabinet post, he said: “Everything is possible. She could be given any position of responsibility because of her capacity.”
An official from the Election Commission said its regional office in Rangoon (Yangon) had confirmed that Suu Kyi’s party had won all six seats contested in the former capital and that full results from remote areas were expected by midweek.
The official spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not allowed to speak to the media.
The military junta had kept Suu Kyi imprisoned in her lakeside home for the better part of two decades.
When she was finally released in late 2010, just after a general election that was deemed by most as neither free nor fair, few could have imagined she would so quickly make the leap from democracy advocate to elected official—opening the way for a potential presidential run in 2015.
But Burma has changed dramatically over that time.
The junta ceded power last year, and although many of its leaders merely swapped their military uniforms for civilian suits, they went on to stun even their staunchest critics by releasing political prisoners, signing ceasefires with rebels, relaxing press censorship and opening a direct dialogue with Suu Kyi, who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991 while under house arrest.
Hoping to convince the international community of its progress, Burma invited dozens of Western and Asian election observers to monitor the vote and granted visas to hundreds of foreign journalists.
Suu Kyi herself said on Friday that campaigning had been marred by irregularities and could not be considered fair—allegations her party reiterated on Sunday.
‘Free, fair, transparent’
But an observer mission, representing the Cambodian chair of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (Asean), concluded that the voting was “conducted in a free, fair and transparent manner.”
“The overall environment was calm, peaceful and nonviolent,” the mission said in a statement sent to reporters in Phnom Penh.
“Despite complaints of irregularities and intimidation, this delegation did not observe any incidents that might have affected the process or the results of the by-election,” it added.
The mission said Suu Kyi and her NLD were able to campaign freely, and foreign observers were not hindered.
“It was observed on the day of the by-election that the people of Myanmar eagerly turned out to cast their votes at their respective polling stations,” the mission said, adding many voters believed the by-election “would pave the way for national reconciliation and democracy in Myanmar.”
“We urge the international community to consider lifting economic sanctions on Myanmar so that the people of Myanmar can enjoy better opportunities in realizing their aspirations for peace, national reconciliation, democracy and national development,” it said.
‘Convincing enough’
Malgorzata Wasilewska, head of the European Union’s observer team, called the voting process “convincing enough,” but she stopped short of declaring the balloting credible yet.
“In the polling stations that I visited … I saw plenty of good practice and good will, which is very important,” she said.
The United States and the European Union have said that the fairness of the voting will be a major factor in their decision on whether to lift economic sanctions that were imposed to penalize the former junta.
US Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton congratulated Burma for holding the poll.
Speaking at a news conference in Istanbul, Turkey, she said Washington was committed to supporting the country’s reform effort.
Befuddled
“Even the most repressive regimes can reform, and even the most closed societies can open,” Clinton said.
The topdown revolution has left Burma befuddled and wondering how it happened—or at least, why now?
One theory said the military-backed regime had long been desperate for legitimacy and a lifting of Western sanctions, and its leadership had quietly recognized that their impoverished country had fallen far behind the rest of skyscraper-rich Asia.
Sunday’s by-election was called to fill 45 vacant seats in Burma’s 664-member bicameral assembly, and the military-backed government had little to lose by holding it.
The last vote had already been engineered in their favor—the military was allotted 25 percent of the seats, and the ruling party won most of the rest.
David Scott Mathieson, an expert on Burma for Human Rights Watch, said “the real danger of the by-election is the overblown expectations many in the West have cast on them.”
“The hard work really does start afterward,” he said. “Constitutional reform, legal reform, tackling systemic corruption, sustainable economic development, continued human rights challenges … will take many years.” Reports from AP and AFP